Browse regulations

Aviation safety zoning regulation that restricts construction near Kamloops Airport by defining protected imaginary surfaces (approach, horizontal, outer, transitional) that buildings/structures cannot penetrate. Based on technical aviation standards to ensure obstacle-free airspace for aircraft operations.

This regulation prevents clear and present dangers to human life and property. Individual landowners cannot internalize the catastrophic externalities of their obstructions—one tall structure could cause multiple aircraft fatalities and massive property damage. The tragedy of the commons problem in airspace makes voluntary coordination impossible; the regulation provides predictable, technical boundaries that efficiently internalize safety externalities without distorting markets or suppressing competition.

The Government Annuities Regulations set detailed rules for federal government annuity contracts, including prescribed interest rates, mortality tables, required forms, and administrative procedures.

Government competition in annuities distorts the market, crowds out private sector innovation, and creates inefficiencies through mandated pricing. The regulation's complexity adds administrative costs without justification, while its existence prevents the emergence of market-determined, efficient annuity products that would better serve Canadians' retirement needs.

Aviation zoning regulations for Hay River Airport establishing height restrictions, approach surfaces, and land use controls to ensure safe aircraft operations and prevent obstructions near the airport

Aviation safety requires predictable airspace management. Without these height restrictions and zoning controls, buildings or structures could interfere with aircraft approaches, creating catastrophic collision risks. The costs of aviation accidents far exceed any regulatory compliance costs, and private market solutions would not provide the same level of safety coordination needed for public airspace.

These regulations define key terms for the Fitness and Amateur Sport Act: amateur sport (recreational athletic activity not for livelihood) and fitness (optimal physical/mental functioning state).

Deleting these definitions would create legal uncertainty, leading to inconsistent enforcement, costly litigation, and potentially more restrictive government intervention to resolve interpretive gaps, increasing regulatory burden on Canadians.

The Fisheries Improvement Loans Regulations establish a federal loan guarantee program for the fishing industry, providing up to 90% loan coverage for vessel purchases, equipment, repairs, shore installations, and business development. The program includes interest rate caps, security requirements, and loss claims procedures managed through banks and the federal government.

This regulation represents a costly government intervention that distorts market signals in the fishing industry. By guaranteeing loans at below-market rates, it encourages overcapacity in fishing fleets, leading to overfishing and resource depletion - classic unintended consequences that harm the very industry it aims to help. The program also creates moral hazard where banks make riskier loans knowing the government covers losses, while taxpayers bear the costs of defaults. A free market would better allocate capital to the most efficient and sustainable fishing operations.

Zoning regulations for Grande Prairie Airport that establish height restrictions and approach surfaces to ensure aviation safety by limiting building heights and natural growth near the airport and its runways.

Aviation safety requires predictable airspace around airports. Without these height restrictions, buildings or structures could interfere with aircraft approach paths, creating catastrophic collision risks. The costs of a single aviation accident would far exceed any economic benefits from unrestricted development near the airport.

Exempts roe herring caught along British Columbia's coast and from which roe has been extracted from section 29 of the Fisheries Act, removing regulatory requirements for this specific fishery.

Deleting this exemption would re-impose section 29's regulatory burdens on a targeted fishery, increasing costs, restricting supply, and stifling economic activity without justification. The exemption achieves deregulation in a precise manner that would be difficult to replicate through other means, as the Fisheries Act's blanket provisions require explicit exemptions to avoid. Canadians would be worse off with reduced herring roe production, higher prices, and fewer market choices.

Exempts dogfish and other fish caught incidentally while fishing for dogfish in the Goose Island Banks of Hecate Straits from section 29 of the Fisheries Act.

Prevents regulatory burden on incidental catches that would otherwise be prohibited, allowing fishermen to retain otherwise legal bycatch while targeting dogfish, which supports efficient fishing operations without creating significant environmental harm.

Height and land use restrictions around Gander International Airport establishing protected zones defined by approach, transitional, and outer surfaces to ensure aviation safety and prevent obstructions to aircraft operations.

Without these regulations, buildings could block flight paths, dramatically increasing crash risks and endangering hundreds of lives. The safety benefits far outweigh the modest land use constraints on a limited area. This is a legitimate government function preventing clear harm to others, not an economic distortion.

Regulation prescribes effluent limits on biochemical oxygen demand and total suspended solids for new and expanded potato processing plants to protect fish-bearing waters under the Fisheries Act. Requires continuous flow monitoring, composite sampling, laboratory analysis, and monthly detailed reporting to the Minister.

The regulation imposes substantial compliance costs and administrative burdens that discourage plant expansions and new investment in potato processing, raising food prices and reducing economic competitiveness. Its rigid command-and-control approach creates perverse incentives—existing plants face no limits while expansions trigger full regulation, stifling productivity improvements. Environmental outcomes could be achieved more efficiently through liability rules, property rights enforcement, or market-based instruments that avoid these distortions and unseen costs.

Federal regulation controlling effluent discharge from petroleum refineries, setting specific limits for oil/grease, phenols, sulfides, ammonia nitrogen, and suspended matter based on refinery throughput, with monitoring and reporting requirements.

Creates artificial scarcity in energy production by imposing rigid, one-size-fits-all limits that prevent refineries from optimizing operations. The regulatory burden disproportionately harms smaller refineries, reduces domestic refining capacity, and drives up fuel costs while pushing production to jurisdictions with weaker environmental standards. The monitoring requirements create compliance costs that could be better spent on actual pollution reduction technologies.

Zoning regulations for Fort McMurray Airport establishing height restrictions, approach surfaces, outer surfaces, and transitional surfaces to ensure safe aircraft operations and prevent building interference with airport operations

These regulations ensure aviation safety by preventing building interference with flight paths, approach surfaces, and airport operations. Without them, tall structures could create collision hazards, disrupt navigation systems, and compromise emergency procedures, directly endangering lives and property.

Regulates liquid effluent from meat and poultry processing plants to protect fish habitats. Prescribes three deleterious substances (biochemical oxygen demanding matter, total suspended matter, grease) and sets discharge limits based on plant type and size. Requires sampling, analysis, pH testing (6.0-9.0), flow measurement, reporting, and acute lethality tests on rainbow trout.

Deletion would allow meat processors to externalize pollution costs, degrading fisheries and waterways that support billions in economic activity. The regulation internalizes this classic externality where tort law fails for diffuse, ongoing water pollution, achieving environmental protection that private bargaining cannot.

Regulation establishes height restrictions via imaginary surfaces (approach, outer, transitional) around Edmonton International Airport to prevent obstructions to aircraft, and prohibits waste disposal that could attract birds. Applies to lands adjacent to the airport. Minister can order removal of excessive growth.

Prevents clear physical harm to passengers and ground communities through obstruction-free airspace and bird-strike mitigation. The engineering standards are based on aircraft performance envelopes and not arbitrary; the diffuse nature of potential victims and catastrophic risk profile make private ordering inadequate. Narrowly tailored to safety purposes.

Exempts carriers from provisions of the Freshwater Fish Marketing Act when transporting fish requested by the Corporation, its agents, or licensed persons, with bill of lading requirements.

This regulation institutionalizes a government marketing monopoly, restricting liberty and distorting market incentives. It protects the Freshwater Fish Marketing Corporation from competition, artificially constraining supply and raising costs for Canadian fish producers and consumers. The underlying monopoly prevents efficient resource allocation and innovation in freshwater fish marketing. Canadians would be wealthier with complete deregulation allowing private competition and free market determination of fish distribution.